The word “refuse” can be a bit tricky in English because it has two distinct meanings and pronunciations depending on whether it’s used as a verb or a noun. This can be even more confusing when translating it into another language, like Bengali. This article will delve into the multifaceted nature of “refuse” and explore its various meanings, nuances, and translations in Bengali, focusing on providing a comprehensive understanding of “refuse meaning in Bengali.”
Refuse Meaning in Bengali
The primary meaning of “refuse” as a verb in Bengali is related to declining, rejecting, or denying something. It conveys a sense of unwillingness or resistance to accept a proposal, request, or offer. The Bengali translations for this sense of “refuse” often revolve around words that indicate negation, denial, or rejection.
As a noun, “refuse” refers to waste materials or garbage. This meaning also has corresponding translations in Bengali that describe trash, discarded items, or rubbish. Understanding the context is crucial to determine which meaning of “refuse” is being used and, therefore, which Bengali translation is appropriate.
Refuse অর্থ কি?
Refuse শব্দটির দুটি অর্থ এবং উচ্চারণ আছে।
প্রথমত, refuse (উচ্চারণ: রিফিউজ) যখন verb হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তখন এর অর্থ হল অস্বীকার করা, প্রত্যাখ্যান করা, অগ্রাহ্য করা, অসম্মত হওয়া, না করা।
দ্বিতীয়ত, refuse (উচ্চারণ: রেফিউজ) যখন noun হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তখন এর অর্থ হল আবর্জনা, বর্জ্য পদার্থ, জঞ্জাল।
সুতরাং, বাক্যের ধরন এবং প্রসঙ্গের উপর নির্ভর করে, Refuse শব্দটির অর্থ ভিন্ন ভিন্ন হতে পারে।
Examples
Here are some examples illustrating both meanings of “refuse” and their Bengali translations:
Refuse as a verb (to decline/reject):
- English: She refused to answer the question.
- Bengali: সে প্রশ্নের উত্তর দিতে অস্বীকার করল। (Se prosner uttor dite oswikaar korlo.)
- English: He refused the job offer.
- Bengali: সে চাকরির প্রস্তাব প্রত্যাখ্যান করেছিল। (Se chakrir prostab protyakhan korechilo.)
- English: The committee refused permission for the project.
- Bengali: কমিটি প্রকল্পটির জন্য অনুমতি বাতিল করেছে। (Committee prokolpotir jonno onumoti batil koreche).
- English: I refuse to accept this!
- Bengali: আমি এটা মানতে অস্বীকৃত! (Ami eta mante oswikhrito!)
Refuse as a noun (waste/garbage):
- English: The city council is responsible for collecting household refuse.
- Bengali: পৌরসভা গৃহস্থালির আবর্জনা সংগ্রহের জন্য দায়ী। (Pourasabha grihasthalir aborjona songroher jonno dayi.)
- English: Please dispose of your refuse properly.
- Bengali: অনুগ্রহ করে আপনার বর্জ্য সঠিকভাবে ফেলুন। (Onugroho kore apnar borjo sothikbhabe felun.)
- English: The refuse dump was overflowing.
- Bengali: জঞ্জালের স্তূপ উপচে পড়ছিল। (Janjaler stup upche porchilo.)
Synonyms
Understanding synonyms can further clarify the meaning of “refuse.”
For “refuse” as a verb (to decline/reject):
- English: Decline, reject, deny, turn down, spurn, rebuff, dismiss
- Bengali (some examples): অস্বীকার করা (oswikaar kora), প্রত্যাখ্যান করা (protyakhan kora), অগ্রাহ্য করা (agrajhyo kora), না করা (na kora), বাতিল করা (batil kora), ফিরে দেওয়া (phire dewa)
For “refuse” as a noun (waste/garbage):
- English: Garbage, trash, waste, rubbish, debris, litter, junk
- Bengali (some examples): আবর্জনা (aborjona), বর্জ্য (borjo), জঞ্জাল (janjal), ময়লা (moyla), বর্জ্য পদার্থ (borjo podartho)
Antonyms
Antonyms provide the opposite meaning and can help in understanding the nuances of “refuse.”
For “refuse” as a verb (to decline/reject):
- English: Accept, agree, consent, approve, embrace, welcome
- Bengali (some examples): গ্রহণ করা (grohon kora), সম্মত হওয়া (sommoto howa), রাজি হওয়া (raji howa), মেনে নেওয়া (mene newa), অনুমোদন করা (anumodon kora)
For “refuse” as a noun (waste/garbage):
There isn’t a direct antonym for “refuse” as a noun in the same way there is for the verb. However, you could conceptually consider “valuables” or “assets” as opposites. There is no direct one word antonym in Bengali.
Grammar
Forms, Inflections and other grammatical terms of Refuse
- Verb:
- Base form: refuse (রিফিউজ – Rifuj)
- Past tense: refused (রিফিউজড – Rifujd)
- Past participle: refused (রিফিউজড – Rifujd)
- Present participle: refusing (রিফিউজিং – Rifujing)
- Third-person singular present: refuses (রিফিউজেস – Rifujes)
- Noun:
- Singular: refuse (রেফিউজ – Refuj)
- Plural: refuse (রেফিউজেস – Refujes) – Though rarely used in plural form.
Notes:
- The pronunciation changes depending on whether it is used as a verb or a noun. As a verb, it is pronounced with a “z” sound at the end. As a noun, it is pronounced with an “s” sound.
- The noun form is often used in a collective sense, referring to waste material in general.
Uses
“Refuse” in its verb form is commonly used in formal and informal contexts to express refusal or denial. You’ll find it in everyday conversations, news reports, legal documents, and literature.
The noun form is primarily used in contexts related to waste management, sanitation, and environmental discussions. It’s a term frequently used by government agencies, waste management companies, and in public awareness campaigns.
Related Phrases
Here are some common phrases related to “refuse”:
Related to “refuse” as a verb:
- Refuse to comply: (Bengali: মানতে অস্বীকার করা – Mante oswikar kora) – To refuse to follow rules or instructions.
- Refuse an offer: (Bengali: প্রস্তাব প্রত্যাখ্যান করা – Prostab protyakhan kora) – To decline a proposal.
- Flatly refuse: (Bengali: সোজাসুজি অস্বীকার করা – Sojasuji oswikar kora) – To refuse very strongly and clearly.
Related to “refuse” as a noun:
- Refuse collection: (Bengali: আবর্জনা সংগ্রহ – Aborjona songroho) – The process of collecting waste.
- Refuse disposal: (Bengali: বর্জ্য নিষ্কাশন – Borjo nishkashon) – The process of getting rid of waste.
- Refuse dump/Refuse tip: (Bengali: জঞ্জালের ভাগাড়/আবর্জনার স্তূপ – Janjaler bhagar/Aborjonar stup) – A place where garbage is dumped.
- Refuse bin: (Bengali: ময়লার ঝুড়ি – Moylar jhuri) A container for garbage.
Conclusion
“Refuse” is a versatile word in English with two distinct meanings and pronunciations. Understanding these nuances is vital for accurate translation into Bengali. This article has provided a detailed exploration of “refuse meaning in Bengali,” covering its various forms, synonyms, antonyms, examples, and related phrases. By considering the context and using the appropriate Bengali equivalents, you can effectively communicate the intended meaning of “refuse” in any situation. Remember that the verb form emphasizes denial or rejection, while the noun form refers to waste materials. Hopefully, this comprehensive guide has helped clarify the complexities of this word and its translation into Bengali.